Many changes in the legs on the legs can make people believe that they have a fungal infection from nails from a medical point of view, which is known as onychomycosis. The fungal infection of the nails sometimes makes the condition contagious or is associated with poor hygiene. In fact, up to 10% of all adult mushroom nail infections have. This percentage increases to 20% of adults from the age of 60. In fact, non -standard -looking nails can be caused by a number of diseases, including but not limited fungal infection. There are many other reasons why the nails can look different.
Treatment of nail fungus
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection that is usually caused by a special type of fungus known as dermatophytes. Since most of these infections are relatively superficial, it seems that current procedures should work well. This is not the case, because the nail is relative. Examples of conditions that are often confused with mushroom nails are yellow (onycholysis), hematoma, green nails (caused by pseudomonas bacteria), bones (usually with psoriasis), nail infection (steaming) and late injury.
What other conditions can be used for mushroom nails?
Here are some other conditions that can be instead of mushroom nails:
Lines and burrs: they are common and can be considered normal. You can worsen during pregnancy. A large groove in the middle of the nail can be caused by injuries. Some people can notice these changes after chemotherapy.
Senile nails: With age, the nails become fragile and develop the burrs and the separation of the nail layers at the end of the nail. To avoid this, special solutions and bathrooms must be used.
White or yellowish nails can occur due to onycholysis. This means separating the plate from the nail base. The color that the shape is the air under the nail. The treatment is to cut the plate briefly, not to clean and polish below. If you have to hide the color, you have to wait two to three months. Constant uncleos can make nails susceptible to fungal infections. Red or black plates due to hematoma or blood under the nail usually occur from injuries. If there is a black spot under the nail that is not caused by injuries, you should visit a dermatologist or orthopedic surgeon to ensure that this is not a melanoma (the type of skin cancer associated with pigmented cells). Simple biopsy can rule out malignancy (cancer).
Green plates can be caused by pseudomonas bacteria that grow under the nail, some of which is separated from the nail base. This infection can cause an unpleasant smell of nails. The treatment is to briefly cut the nails every four weeks, not to clean, polish if you hide the color and wait two to three months. It is also recommended to avoid the plates in a water (and dry the legs thoroughly after bathing. If the problem has not disappeared, there is the treatment of drugs that the doctor prescribes. Nails that are affected by psoriasis can also be brown.
The edema and redness of the skin around the nail are referred to as paronychia. This is an infection of the skin in the bottom of the nail (cuticle). If the infection is acute (a quick start), it is usually caused by bacteria. He can react to warm baths, but it is better not to build up yourself, but to see a doctor immediately. A chronic paronichie occurs when the cuticle is inflamed or irritated over time. Sometimes mushrooms use damaged skin and infect them. The therapy begins with the fact that the skin stays dry and remains excreted from the water. If the problem does not disappear, you should consult a doctor. Antibiotics are not used often, but may be required with severe infection.
A chronic nail injury can be damaged into nails that are very similar to mushroom nails. Some injuries can cause constant changes that can imitate the appearance of mushroom nails. Microconidii -Trichophytone mushroom that can live in the ground and to lead to skin, hair or nails.
What causes fungal infections and what are some risk factors?
In normal healthy people, mushroom infections of nails are most often caused by a fungus that falls into moist areas. Together as in the gym or in the swimming pools, shared sources. The transition to nails that use insufficient cleaning of tools (e. g. clipper, fillets and foot baths), in addition to living with family members with fungal diseases, are also risk factors. It has been proven that athletes are more susceptible to the mushroom of the nail.
It is believed that this is due to the fact that the densely tight, sweaty boots are connected to the repeated injury to nails on the legs. The presence of sports loads makes it more likely that the mushroom will infect the nails on the legs. The repetitive injury also weakens the plate, which makes it more susceptible to fungal infections. This includes everything that worsens the immune system, a person who is susceptible to an infection with a fungus. This includes diseases such as AIDS, diabetes, cancer, psoriasis or the introduction of immunosuppressants such as steroids.
Are mushroom nails contagious?
Although the fungus should be won somewhere, it is not very contagious. It is so common that more than one person in a family that has this is nothing more than a random coincidence. The fungus can be transferred from person to person, but only with constant intimate contact.
What are mushroom symptoms and signs of nails?
Although mushroom nails are usually cosmetic problems, some patients have pain and symptoms. These symptoms can be tightened by shoes, activity and improper nail cladding. There are many types of mushrooms that can affect the nails. Nevertheless, however, Trichophyton rubrum is most frequently referred to. This type of fungus tends to infect the skin (known as dermatophytes) and is shown in the following specific methods. It starts at the ends of the nails and increases the plate: it is called "distal onychomycosis". This is the most common type of fungal infection of nails in adults and children (90% of cases).
It is more common in the toes, the thumb is usually the first to influence. The risk factors include older age, swimming, sports loads, psoriasis, diabetes, family members with an infection or a depressed immune system. Usually it starts as a colorless area on the corner of the thumb and slowly spreads to the cuticle. Onycholysis is often accompanied. The most common cause is T.
It begins at the base of the nail and increases a nail: it is referred to as "proximal tendons -onychomycosis". This is the least common type of mushroom damage (about 3% of cases). It looks like a distal guy, but begins with a cuticle (base of the nail) and slowly spreads to the top of the nail. This type can almost always be found in people with a damaged immune system. In contrast to the distal, curved onychomycosis, it is rarely possible to see fragments under the nail tip. The most common cause is the form T. rubrum and dermatophytes.
Hefe -onychomycosis: This type is referred to by yeast called Candida, and not by the above -mentioned trichophyton mushroom. This is more common with nails and a common cause of mushroom nails. Patients can be associated with paronychy (nail skin infection). Candida can cause yellow, brown, white or thickened nails. Some people who have this infection also have mushrooms in the mouth or chronic paronia) who are also infected with pores. White surface onychomycosis: In this condition of a nail, a doctor can often clean white powder material on the upper part of the nail plate. This condition is most common in tropical environments and caused by a well -known fungus and Trihofitii Managoff.
What tests are used by health specialists to diagnose mushroom nails?
It was shown that only a physical examination is an unreliable method to diagnose mushroom nails. There are many conditions that make the nails look damaged so that even doctors have difficult time. In fact, studies have shown that only about 50% to 60% of the cases of abnormal appearance of nails were caused by a fungus. Therefore, laboratory tests are almost always given. Some insurance companies can even ask for confirmation of a laboratory test for diagnostics to cover an antifungal. A sample plate is preserved either by cutting the nail or by drilling a hole. This piece is sent to the laboratory, where it can be painted, cultivated or tested using PCR (to identify the genetic material of organisms) in order to identify the presence of the fungus.
If the negative result of the biopsy is accompanied by a high level of clinical suspicion, for example the plates that are dismantled, bleached, thickened and loose, a second test requires due to the prevalence of incorrect negative results in these tests. Most drugs for treating nail fungi have side effects, so you should get to know each other with contraindications.
Which specialists treat the nail fungus?
There are several doctors who can treat the nail fungus. The doctor present, dermatologist or orthopedist can treat nail fungus. Each of these doctors can provide proper diagnosis and prescribe medication for a fungal infection. An orthopedic or dermatologist can shake the upper nail layer or even remove part of the nail.
Which treatment of mushroom nails is required?
Creams and other relevant medication are traditionally less effective against nail fungi than oral medication. This is due to the fact that the nails for penetrating external applications are too complicated. It is also difficult to adhere to local treatment systems. These drugs often require daily applications for up to one year during the period to see the results. One of the main advantages of local treatment is the minimum risk for serious side effects and the interaction with medicinal products compared to oral therapy.
Depending on the medication, coral antimycotic therapy is operated on in about 50-75% of cases. This can take from nine to twelve months to ensure that it works or not because they have to build up the nail for so long. Even if the therapy works, the fungus can return in about 20-50% of cases. Oral antifungal animycotherapy is currently considered the best instrument for the treatment of mushrooms for the legs due to higher healing rates and a shorter treatment period compared to local therapy.
There are several innovative treatment methods that are still checked:
- Laser therapy or photodynamic therapy use the use of light active ingredients on a plate, followed by a brilliant light of the corresponding wavelength on the nail.
- The use of electrical current for the absorption of relevant antifungals in one nail: it is also referred to as an iontopher.
- The use of a special nail polish that changes the nail microclimate to make it unreal for the growth of the mushroom: if it works, it can be an inexpensive way to treat this problem in the future.
One way to finally get rid of the nail fungus is the operation. The surgical treatment of onhomycosis includes the removal of nails. Nevertheless, this often only provides temporary, and relapse is common if additional antifungals (orally or locally) are not used at the same time. However, surgical removal can be justified if the touched nail is associated with other factors such as injuries or infections.
Is it possible to prevent the appearance of nail fungi on the legs?
Since the mushroom really thrives in warm damp areas (for example sweaty legs), there are certain areas that should be avoided or used with caution. It is believed that showers, changing rooms and pools are mushroom sources, although there are no studies that confirm this fact.
Nail polish and acrylic nails also make one plate less "breathe" and make it more susceptible to fungal infections. Mushrooms are everywhere - in air, dust and earth. Hygienic measures such as spraying socks and shoes are reasonable, and maybe these measures can even help a little. Nevertheless, it can turn out to be the best prevention. The daily washing of the legs and drying between the fingers can help prevent the nail fungus. The mushrooms are transferred to pets such as cats and dogs. However, they do not often cause an illness.
How can you determine nail fungus?
Treatment of mushroom nails can be difficult and take up to 18 months. Reinfection and reinfection are common (re -in -in function frequency of 40% -70%). An attempt to remove or change risk factors if possible is important to prevent a RE function. People with medical diseases that predispose them for mushroom lesions can be hardened by the fungus even longer.
Tips to prevent the treatment of nail fungi
The fungus only causes 50% -60% of the non -normal nails. It is difficult to immediately notice the difference between the various reasons for the bleached nails (also for doctors). Onychomycosis is often not treated. The reasons from which medical treatment is mainly required with the skin injuries of the legs or nails.